Kremer Pigmente GmbH & Co. KG     Kremer Pigments Inc., USA  

Chemical composition : approx. Pb(Sn,Si)O₃

Lead-tin yellow (type II) is produced by fusing lead, tin, and quartz compounds at ca. 800° C, yielding a yellow lead glass pigment that is ground and screened through a fine mesh.

Its warm hue is deeper than lead-tin yellow (type I) (our product nos. 10100 or 10110) and more transparent, making it suitable for warm yellow glazes.

The early production of lead tin yellow II was connected with the glass and ceramic industry. Its manufacture probably predates that of lead-tin yellow (type I), since it occurs as a by-product during the manufacture of lead crystal glass. The earliest recipe for lead-tin yellow (type II) is found in the Bolognese manuscript, written in the first half of the fifteenth century.

Lead-tin yellow II has been found principally in Florentine, Venetian, and Bohemian paintings. It was used on works by Giotto, the workshop of di Cione, Veronese, and Tintoretto.

Both types of lead-tin yellow consist of fine particles with a sharp-edged concoidal fracture. In samples of lead-tin yellow (type II) larger lemon-yellow crystalline particles may be present.

Currently, research is in progress on the simultaneous use of lead-tin yellow with Naples yellow in paintings from the 13^th to 18^th century, and a lead-tin yellow pigment made with antimony.

Lead-tin yellow (type II) contains lead and is toxic!